Ibiranga n'uburyo bwo guhinga ibikoresho byo guhinga inzoga

Ibikoresho byo guhinga inzogani igikoresho gitanga ahantu heza ho gukorera imikorere yihariye ya biochemical. Kuri zimwe mu nzira, ni igikoresho gifunze gifite sisitemu yo kugenzura neza; ku zindi nzira zoroshye, ni igikoresho gifunguye, rimwe na rimwe ndetse kikaba cyoroshye nko kugira umwobo umwe gusa, ushobora kandi kuzwi nka tanki ifunguye yo gushyushya.

Ibiranga ibikoresho byo guhinga:

Ibi bikoresho muri rusange bishyirwa hanze. Ifu y’umusemburo n’umusemburo byinjira mu gikoresho uhereye hasi; iyo gushyushya bikabije, amakoti yose yo gukonjesha akoreshwa kugira ngo ubushyuhe bukwiye bwo gushyushya bukomeze. Ifu ishyushya ikunze kuba ethylene glycol cyangwa alukolo, kandi ammonia (ibyuka bitaziguye) ishobora no gukoreshwa nk’ifu ishyushya; umwuka wa CO2 uva hejuru y’igikoresho. Hari imyobo ku gice cy’ikigega n’igipfundikizo cy’ikigega, kandi hashyizweho agapimisho k’umuvuduko, valve y’umutekano n’ikirahure cy’ikirahure hejuru y’ikigega. Hashyizweho umuyoboro wa CO2 woroshye hasi y’ikigega. Igice cy’ikigega gifite umuyoboro wo gupima n’umuyoboro wa thermometer. Inyuma y’ikigega hapfundikiwe urwego rwiza rwo gukingira kugira ngo hagabanywe ubukonje.

Uburyo bwo guhisha:

"Imwe-Gushyushya ikigega"bivuze ko igikorwa cyose cyo gushyushya gikorerwa mu kigega gifite ishusho y'urukiramende, nta gutandukanya cyane hagati yo gushyushya imbere n'inyuma, kandi igihe cyo kubikora kiba gito ugereranyije n'uburyo gakondo bwo gushyushya. Uburyo bwihariye bwo gukora buhuriweho gusa.

Imikorere isanzwe yo guhinga mu gihe cyo guteka mu gihe cyo guteka:

Ubushyuhe bwo gutera imisemburo mu gihe cyo gutera imisemburo ya lager muri rusange ni 6-10°C, naho ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwo gutera imisemburo ni 12°C. Igihe cyo gutera imisemburo kugeza igihe cyo kuyibika mu macupa ni iminsi 5-7. Iyo isukari igabanutse ikagera kuri 3.8-4.2°P, agacupa karafungwa. Nyuma y'uko igitutu kizamutse, igitutu cy'ikigega gikomeza kuba kuri 0.12MPa. Nyuma y'uko ubushyuhe buzamutse bukagera kuri 12°C, karakomeza kandi kakabarirwa mu minsi 5-7 kugira ngo gabanye diacetyl.

Nyuma y'ibyo, ubushyuhe bukonjeshwa kugeza kuri dogere 5°C, kandi bugumaho umunsi umwe, hanyuma bukonjeshwa kugeza kuri dogere 0°C. Igipimo cy'ubukonje kiratandukanye mu byiciro bitandukanye. Mu cyiciro cya 12°C-5°C, ubushyuhe bukonjeshwa ku kigero cya 0.3°C/h, naho mu cyiciro cya 5°C-0°C, ubushyuhe bukonjeshwa ku kigero cya 0.1°C/h. Icyiciro cyo gushyushya nyuma yo kwera cya lager muri rusange ni iminsi 5-7.

Uburyo busanzwe bwo guhinga ibikomoka ku bimera bivanze n'inzoga bukoreshwa:

Ubushyuhe bwo gutera ibinyampeke muri rusange ni 16-18°C, buruta ubushyuhe bwo gutera ibinyampeke bwa lager. Ubushyuhe bwo gutera ibinyampeke ntarengwa bushobora kugera kuri 20-23°C. Bifata iminsi 1-1.5 kuva bitera kugeza bikonje, bikaba ari igihe gito. Gutera ibinyampeke nabyo bifungwa iyo isukari igabanutse ikagera kuri 3.8-4.2°P. Nyuma y'uko igitutu kizamutse, igitutu cy'ikigega gikomeza kuba kuri 0.12-0.15MPa. Nyuma y'uko ubushyuhe buzamutse bukagera kuri 20°C, bikomeza kandi bigahabwa igihe cy'iminsi 5-6 kugira ngo diacetyl igaruke.

Icyiciro cyo gukonjesha inzoga zo mu bwoko bwa ale nacyo kigomba kugabanuka kikagera kuri 5°C, kikamara umunsi umwe, hanyuma kigakonja kikagera kuri 0°C. Mu cyiciro cya 20°C-5°C, ubushyuhe bugabanuka ku kigero cya 0.3°C/h, naho mu cyiciro cya 5°C-0°C, ubushyuhe bukagabanuka ku kigero cya 0.1°C/h. Nyuma yo kubikwa ku bushyuhe buke mu minsi 5-7, inzoga iba imaze gukura. Inzoga zo mu bwoko bwa lager muri rusange zishyushye ku kigero cya 8-12°C, naho inzoga ikaba kuri 16-20°C. Byongeye kandi, hakwiye kwitabwaho kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'itumba.

Kugenzura ubushyuhe butandukanye bwo guhinga bifite ibyiza n'ibibi byabyo. Iyo hakoreshejwe guhinga mu bushyuhe buke, umusemburo utanga umusaruro muke mu gihe cyo guhinga, inzoga ziryoha neza, kandi ifuro riba riri mu mimerere myiza, ariko igihe cyo guhinga kiba kirekire; iyo hakoreshejwe guhinga mu bushyuhe bwinshi, umusemburo urushaho guhinga vuba, igihe cyo guhinga kiba gito, kandi igipimo cyo gukoresha ibikoresho kiba kiri hejuru, ariko ibindi bikomokaho bitangwa, kandi inzoga irushaho kuryoha.

Igitutu cyo guhisha: Igitutu cyo guhisha cya lager muri rusange kigenzurwa kuri 0.12MPa, naho icya ale beer ni 0.15MPa. Igitutu cyo guhisha giterwa ahanini n'uburyohe bwa nyuma bw'ibicuruzwa. Uko igitutu cyiyongera n'ubushyuhe bwa bier, ni ko dioxyde de carbone ishonga neza, ni ko imbaraga z'inzoga zirushaho gukomera, kandi ifuro rizarushaho kuba ryinshi kandi rirambye.